Journal of Medicinal Materials, 2025, Vol. 30, No. 5 (353 - 358)

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN VITRO/IN SILICO ENZYME INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF THE LEAF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACTINODAPHNE PILOSA (LOUR.) MERR. FROM QUANG TRI PROVINCE

Le Duc Anh Minh¹, Ngu Thi Tra Giang², Dang Su Uyen², Doan Thi Huyen Linh³,

Tran Gia Nhu⁴, Hoang Van Luu^2,5,*

¹Phan Boi Chau High School for Gifted Students, Nghe An province, Vietnam;

²Department of Chemistry, Vinh University, Nghe An province, Vietnam;

³Health Economics Research and Assessment Center, Hanoi, Vietnam;

⁴Nguyen Trai High School, Quang Tri province, Vietnam;

⁵Chemical Association of Nghe An, Nghe An province, Vietnam

*Corresponding author: hoangluukhoahoadhv@gmail.com

The GC-MS analysis identified 49 components, accounting for 94.98% of the total content. The most abundant chemical class was sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (67.88%), followed by monoterpene hydrocarbons (20.03%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (6.86%), and oxygenated monoterpenes (0.21%). The major compounds identified were germacrene D (16.73%), β-caryophyllene (11.80%), δ-elemene (11.02%), bicyclogermacrene (10.98%), and β-(E)-ocimene (5.59%). The study confirmed that the A. pilosa leaf essential oil possesses significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC₅₀ = 78.02 ± 2.64 µg/mL) and moderate activity against tyrosinase (IC₅₀ = 631.82 ± 52.18 µg/mL). Notably, its effect on α-amylase was more potent than the standard acarbose (IC₅₀ = 95.71 ± 3.43 µg/mL), while its tyrosinase inhibition was significantly weaker than kojic acid (IC₅₀ = 72.90 ± 2.67 µg/mL). Molecular docking further supported these results, showing that β-caryophyllene (-7.57 kcal/mol), germacrene D (-7.24 kcal/mol), δ-elemene (-6.75 kcal/mol), and bicyclogermacrene (-7.00 kcal/mol) share key binding interactions with the positive control mini-montbretin A, thereby rationalizing their α-amylase inhibitory activity. These findings, representing the first reported enzyme inhibitory activity of this essential oil, suggest its potential for antidiabetic applications.

Keywords: Actinodaphne pilosa; Essential oil; Enzyme inhibition; Phytochemical profile. 

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